Template:Keywords: Coupling control: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:55, 28 May 2022

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The Blue Book 2020
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OXPHOS-, ROUTINE-, ET-, and LEAK states; respiratory capacities (P, R, E, L) corrected for residual oxygen consumption Rox.
4-compartmental OXPHOS model. (1) ET capacity E of the noncoupled electron transfer system ETS. OXPHOS capacity P is partitioned into (2) the dissipative LEAK component L, and (3) ADP-stimulated P-L net OXPHOS capacity. (4) If P-L is kinetically limited by a low capacity of the phosphorylation system to utilize the protonmotive force pmF, then the apparent E-P excess capacity is available to drive coupled processes other than phosphorylation P» (ADP to ATP) without competing with P».
(P-L)/P is the OXPHOS P-L control efficiency. The biochemical coupling efficiency is independent of kinetic control by the phosphorylation system when expressed as the E-L coupling efficiency, (E-L)/E. (E-P)/E is the kinetic E-P control efficiency.

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1. Mitochondrial and cellular respiratory rates in coupling-control states

Respiratory rate	Defining relations
OXPHOS capacity	P = P´-Rox	mt-preparations
ROUTINE respiration	R = R´-Rox	living cells
ET capacity	E = E´-Rox	» Level flow
		» Noncoupled respiration - Uncoupler
LEAK respiration	L = L´-Rox	» Static head
		» LEAK state with ATP
		» LEAK state with oligomycin
		» LEAK state without adenylates
Residual oxygen consumption Rox	L = L´-Rox

Chance and Williams nomenclature: respiratory states

» State 1 —» State 2 —» State 3 —» State 4 —» State 5

2. Flux control ratios related to coupling in mt-preparations and living cells

» Flux control ratio

» Coupling-control ratio

» Coupling-control protocol

FCR	Definition
L/P coupling-control ratio	L/P	» Respiratory acceptor control ratio, RCR = P/L
L/R coupling-control ratio	L/R
L/E coupling-control ratio	L/E	» Uncoupling-control ratio, UCR = E/L (ambiguous)
P/E control ratio	P/E
R/E control ratio	R/E	» Uncoupling-control ratio, UCR = E/L
net P/E control ratio	(P-L)/E
net R/E control ratio	(R-L)/E

3. Net, excess, and reserve capacities of respiration

Respiratory net rate	Definition	Icon
P-L net OXPHOS capacity	P-L
R-L net ROUTINE capacity	R-L
E-L net ET capacity	E-L
E-P excess capacity	E-P
E-R reserve capacity	E-R

4. Flux control efficiencies related to coupling-control ratios

» Flux control efficiency j_Z-Y

» Background state

» Reference state

» Metabolic control variable

Coupling-control efficiency		Definition		Canonical term
P-L control efficiency	j_P-L	= (P-L)/P	= 1-L/P	P-L OXPHOS-flux control efficiency
R-L control efficiency	j_R-L	= (R-L)/R	= 1-L/R	R-L ROUTINE-flux control efficiency
E-L coupling efficiency	j_E-L	= (E-L)/E	= 1-L/E	E-L ET-coupling efficiency » Biochemical coupling efficiency
E-P control efficiency	j_E-P	= (E-P)/E	= 1-P/E	E-P ET-excess flux control efficiency
E-R control efficiency	j_E-R	= (E-R)/E	= 1-R/E	E-R ET-reserve flux control efficiency

5. General

» Basal respiration

» Cell ergometry

» Dyscoupled respiration

» Dyscoupling

» Electron leak

» Electron-transfer-pathway state

» Hyphenation

» Oxidative phosphorylation

» Oxygen flow

» Oxygen flux

» Permeabilized cells

» Phosphorylation system

» Proton leak

» Proton slip

» Respiratory state

» Uncoupling

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-{{Template:Coupling control tables}}
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-=== Mitochondrial and cellular respiratory rates in coupling control states ===
+{{Template:Keywords: Coupling control states and rates}}
-[[Image:OXPHOS-coupled energy cycles.jpg|right|300px||link=Gnaiger 2020 MitoPathways|OXPHOS-coupled energy cycles. Source: The Blue book]]
-::::» [[Baseline state]]
-{| class="wikitable"
-|-
-! Respiratory rate !! Definition !! Icon
-|-
-| [[OXPHOS-capacity]] || ''P'' = ''P´''-''Rox'' || [[File:P.jpg |link=OXPHOS-capacity]]
-|-
-| [[ROUTINE-respiration]] || ''R'' = ''R´''-''Rox'' || [[File:R.jpg |link=ROUTINE-respiration]]
-|-
-| [[ET-capacity]] || ''E'' = ''E´''-''Rox'' || [[File:E.jpg |link=ET-capacity]] || » [[Level flow]]
-|-
-|  ||  ||  || » [[Noncoupled respiration]] - [[Uncoupler]]<ref>Gnaiger E. Is respiration uncoupled - noncoupled - dyscoupled? Mitochondr Physiol Network. »[[Uncoupler]]«</ref>
-|-
-| [[LEAK-respiration]] || ''L'' = ''L´''-''Rox'' || [[File:L.jpg |link=LEAK-respiration]] || » [[Static head]]
-|-
-|  ||  ||  || » [[LEAK-state with ATP]]
-|-
-|  ||  ||  || » [[LEAK-state with oligomycin]]
-|-
-|  ||  ||  || » [[LEAK-state without adenylates]]
-|-
-| [[Residual oxygen consumption]] ''Rox'' || ''L'' = ''L´''-''Rox'' || [[File:ROX.jpg |link=Residual oxygen consumption]]
-|}
-:::* Chance and Williams nomenclature: respiratory states
-::::» [[State 1]] —» [[State 2]] —» [[State 3]] —» [[State 4]] —» [[State 5]]
-=== Flux control ratios related to coupling in mt-preparations and living cells ===
-::::» [[Flux control ratio]]
-::::» [[Coupling-control ratio]]
-::::» [[Coupling-control protocol]]
-{| class="wikitable"
-|-
-! ''FCR'' !! Definition !! Icon
-|-
-| [[L/P coupling control ratio |''L/P'' coupling control ratio]] || ''L/P'' || [[Image:L over P.jpg|50 px|link=L/P coupling control ratio |''L/P'' coupling control ratio]] || » [[Respiratory acceptor control ratio]], RCR = ''P/L''
-|-
-| [[L/R coupling control ratio |''L/R'' coupling control ratio]] || ''L/R'' || [[Image:L over R.jpg|50 px|link=L/R coupling control ratio |''L/R'' coupling control ratio]]
-|-
-| [[L/E coupling control ratio |''L/E'' coupling control ratio]] || ''L/E'' || [[Image:L over E.jpg|50 px|link=L/E coupling control ratio |''L/E'' coupling control ratio]] || » [[Uncoupling-control ratio]], UCR = ''E/L''
-|-
-| [[P/E control ratio |''P/E'' control ratio]] || ''P/E'' || [[Image:P over E.jpg|50 px|link=P/E control ratio |''P/E'' control ratio]]
-|-
-| [[R/E control ratio |''R/E'' control ratio]] || ''R/E'' || [[Image:R over E.jpg|50 px|link=R/E control ratio |''R/E'' control ratio]]
-|-
-| [[net P/E control ratio |net ''P/E'' control ratio]] || (''P-L'')/''E'' || [[Image:NetP over E.jpg|60 px|link=net P/E control ratio |net ''P/E'' control ratio]]
-|-
-| [[net R/E control ratio |net ''R/E'' control ratio]] || (''R-L'')/''E'' || [[Image:NetR over E.jpg|60 px|link=net R/E control ratio |net ''R/E'' control ratio]]
-|}
-=== Net, excess, and reserve capacities of respiration ===
-{| class="wikitable"
-|-
-! Respiratory net rate !! Definition !! Icon
-|-
-| [[Net OXPHOS-capacity P-L |Net OXPHOS-capacity ''P-L'']] || ''P-L'' || [[Image:P-L.jpg|50 px|link=Net OXPHOS-capacity P-L |Net OXPHOS-capacity ''P-L'']]
-|-
-| [[Net ROUTINE-activity R-L |Net ROUTINE-activity ''R-L'']] ||  || [[Image:R-L.jpg|50 px|link=Net ROUTINE-activity R-L |Net ROUTINE-activity ''R-L'']]
-|-
-| [[Net ET-capacity E-L |Net ET-capacity ''E-L'']] || ''E-L'' || [[Image:E-L.jpg|50 px|link=Net ET-capacity E-L |Net ET-capacity ''E-L'']]
-|-
-| [[ET-excess capacity E-P |ET-excess capacity ''E-P'']] || ''E-P'' || [[Image:E-P.jpg|60 px|link=ET-excess capacity E-P |ET-excess capacity ''E-P'']]
-|-
-| [[ET-reserve capacity E-R |ET-reserve capacity ''E-R'']] || ''E-R'' || [[Image:E-R.jpg|60 px|ET-reserve capacity E-R |ET-reserve capacity ''E-R'']]
-|}
-=== Flux control efficiencies related to coupling control ratios ===
-::::» [[Flux control efficiency]] ''j<sub>Z-Y</sub>''
-::::» [[Background state]]
-::::» [[Reference state]]
-::::» [[Metabolic control variable]]
-{| class="wikitable"
-|-
-! ''j<sub>Z-Y</sub>'' !!  !! Definition !!  !! Icon
-|-
-| [[OXPHOS-coupling efficiency P-L |OXPHOS-coupling efficiency ''P-L'']] || ''j<sub>P-L</sub>'' || = (''P-L'')/''P'' || = 1-''L/P'' || [[Image:j(P-L).jpg|50 px|link=OXPHOS-coupling efficiency P-L |OXPHOS-coupling efficiency ''P-L'']] || » [[Biochemical coupling efficiency]]
-|-
-| [[ROUTINE-coupling efficiency R-L |ROUTINE-coupling efficiency ''R-L'']] || ''j<sub>R-L</sub>'' || = (''R-L'')/''R'' || = 1-''L/R'' || [[Image:j(R-L).jpg|50 px|link=ROUTINE-coupling efficiency R-L |ROUTINE-coupling efficiency ''R-L'']]
-|-
-| [[ET-coupling efficiency E-L |ET-coupling efficiency ''E-L'']] || ''j<sub>E-L</sub>'' || = (''E-L'')/''E'' || = 1-''L/E'' || [[Image:j(E-L).jpg|50 px|link=ET-coupling efficiency |ET-coupling efficiency ''E-L'']] || » [[Biochemical coupling efficiency]]
-|-
-| [[ET-excess control efficiency E-P |ET-excess control efficiency ''E-P'']] || ''j<sub>E-P</sub>'' || = (''E-P'')/''E'' || = ''1-''P/E'' || [[Image:j(E-P).jpg|50 px|link=ET-excess control efficiency E-P |ET-excess control efficiency ''E-P'']]
-|-
-| [[ET-reserve control efficiency E-R |ET-reserve control efficiency ''E-R'']] || ''j<sub>E-R</sub>'' || = (''E-R'')/''E'' || = 1-''R/E'' || [[Image:J(E-R).jpg|50 px|link=ET-reserve control efficiency E-R |ET-reserve control efficiency ''E-R'']]
-|}
-=== General ===
-::::» [[Basal respiration]]
-::::» [[Dyscoupled respiration]]
-::::» [[Dyscoupling]]
-::::» [[Electron leak]]
-::::» [[Electron-transfer-pathway state]]
-::::» [[Oxidative phosphorylation]]
-::::» [[Oxygen flow]]
-::::» [[Oxygen flux]]
-::::» [[Permeabilized cells]]
-::::» [[Phosphorylation system]]
-::::» [[Proton leak]]
-::::» [[Proton slip]]
-::::» [[Respiratory state]]
-::::» [[Uncoupling]]
-</div>
-</div>
-<br />
 [[Category:Keywords]]