Difference between revisions of "SUIT-011"

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high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution

SUIT-011

Description

Abbreviation: NS(GM)

Reference: A

MitoPedia concepts: SUIT protocol, SUIT A

SUIT-category: NS(GM)

SUIT protocol pattern: diametral 1GM;2D;2c;3S;4U;5Rot;6Ama

References

	Year	Reference	Organism	Tissue;cell
Votion 2012 PLoS One	2012	Votion DM, Gnaiger E, Lemieux H, Mouithys-Mickalad A, Serteyn D (2012) Physical fitness and mitochondrial respiratory capacity in horse skeletal muscle. PLoS One 7:e34890. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034890	Horse	Skeletal muscle
Boushel 2007 Diabetologia	2007	Boushel RC, Gnaiger E, Schjerling P, Skovbro M, Kraunsoee R, Dela F (2007) Patients with Type 2 diabetes have normal mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle. Diabetologia 50:790-6.	Human	Skeletal muscle

Steps and respiratory states

Step	State	Pathway	Q-junction	Comment - Events (E) and Marks (M)
1GM	GM_L(n)	N	CI	1GM NADH-linked substrates (type N-pathway to Q). Non-phosphorylating resting state (LEAK state); LEAK respiration L(n) in the absence of ADP, ATP, AMP (no adenylates).
2D	GM_P	N	CI	1GM;2D NADH-linked substrates (type N-pathway to Q). OXPHOS capacity P (with saturating [ADP]), active OXPHOS state.
2c	GMc_P	N	CI	1GM;2D;2c NADH-linked substrates (type N-pathway to Q). OXPHOS capacity P (with saturating [ADP]), active OXPHOS state. Addition of cytochrome c yields a test for integrity of the mtOM (cytochrome c control efficiency). Stimulation by added cytochrome c would indicate an injury of the mtOM and limitation of respiration in the preceding state without added c due to loss of cytochrome c. Typically, cytochrome c is added immediately after the earliest ADP-activation step (OXPHOS capacity P with saturating [ADP]).
3S	GMS_P	NS	CI&II	1GM;2D;2c;3S NADH-linked substrates (type N-pathway to Q). & Succinate, S ( type S-pathway to Q). Respiratory stimulation by simultaneous action of type N substrates & succinate, with convergent electron flow in the NS-pathway for reconstitution of TCA cycle function. OXPHOS capacity P (with saturating [ADP]), active OXPHOS state.
4U	GMS_E	NS	CI&II	1GM;2D;2c;3S;4U Respiratory stimulation by simultaneous action of type N substrates & succinate, with convergent electron flow in the NS-pathway for reconstitution of TCA cycle function. Uncoupler titration (avoiding inhibition by high uncoupler concentrations) to obtain electron transfer (ET) capacity E (noncoupled ET-state). Test for limitation of OXPHOS capacity P by the phosphorylation system (ANT, ATP synthase, phosphate transporter) relative to ET capacity E in mt-preparations: E-P control efficiency and E-L coupling efficiency. In living cells: E-R control efficiency and E-L coupling efficiency.
5Rot	S_E	S	CII	1GM;2D;2c;3S;4U;5Rot Succinate pathway control state (S-pathway) after inhibiting CI with rotenone, which also inhibits the F-pathway. Noncoupled electron transfer state, ET state, with ET capacity E.
6Ama	ROX			1GM;2D;2c;3S;4U;5Rot;6Ama Rox is the residual oxygen consumption in the ROX state, due to oxidative side reactions, estimated after addition of antimycin A (inhibitor of CIII). Rox is subtracted from oxygen flux as a baseline for all respiratory states, to obtain mitochondrial respiration (mt).

Step	Respiratory state	Pathway control	ET-Complex	Comment
## AsTm	AsTm_E	CIV	CIV
## Azd	CHB

Bioblast links: SUIT protocols - >>>>>>> - Click on [Expand] or [Collapse] - >>>>>>>

Coupling control

» Coupling control state

» ET capacity

» OXPHOS capacity

» LEAK respiration

Pathway control

» Electron transfer pathway

» Fatty acid oxidation pathway control state, F

» NADH electron transfer-pathway state, N

» Succinate pathway control state, S

» NS-pathway control state, NS

» Glycerophosphate pathway control state, Gp

» Complex IV single step, CIV

» Anaplerotic pathway control state

Main fuel substrates

» Glutamate, G

» Glycerophosphate, Gp

» Malate, M

» Octanoylcarnitine, Oct

» Pyruvate, P

» Succinate, S

Glossary

» List of SUIT states

» SUIT concept

Compare SUIT protocols

GM and PM yield typically identical fluxes in human skeletal muscle fibres.
SUIT-004 1PM;2D;3U;4S;5Rot-
SUIT-008 1PM;2D;3G;4S;5U;6Rot-
1PM;2D;3U;4G;5S;6Oct;7Rot;8Gp-
1PGM;2D;3S;4U;5Rot-

1GM;2D;3S;3c;4U;5Rot;6Ama

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 |abbr=NS(GM)
 |description=[[File:1GM;2D;3S;4U;5Rot-.png|300px]]
-|info='''A''' [[MiPNet12.23 FibreRespiration]]
+|info='''A'''
 }}
 {{MitoPedia concepts
@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 }}
 ::: '''[[Categories of SUIT protocols |SUIT-category]]:''' NS(GM)
-::: '''[[SUIT protocol pattern]]:''' diametral
+::: '''[[SUIT protocol pattern]]:''' diametral 1GM;2D;2c;3S;4U;5Rot;6Ama
 == References ==
 {{#ask:[[Category:Publications]] [[Additional label::SUIT-011]]
@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 }}
+{{Template:SUIT-011}}
-== SUIT-011 ==
-[[File:1GM;2D;2c;3S;4U;5Rot-.png|300px]] 1GM;2D;2c;3S;4U;5Rot;6Ama
-::: '''SUIT states:''' 1-2[[GM]](LPc) 3-4[[GMS]](PE) 5[[S]] 6[[ROX]]
-{| class="wikitable" border="1"
+== Compare SUIT protocols ==
-|-
-! Step
-! Respiratory state
-! Pathway control
-! ET-Complex entry into Q-junction
-! Comment
-|-
+::::* GM and PM yield typically identical fluxes in human skeletal muscle fibres.
-| 1GM
+::::* [[SUIT-004]] 1PM;2D;3U;4S;5Rot-
-| [[GM]]<sub>''L''</sub>
+::::* [[SUIT-008]] 1PM;2D;3G;4S;5U;6Rot-
-| [[N]]
+::::* [[1PM;2D;3U;4G;5S;6Oct;7Rot;8Gp-]]
-| CI
+::::* [[1PGM;2D;3S;4U;5Rot-]]
-| LEAK state with type N substrates, N<sub>''L''</sub>: Non-phosphorylating resting state with NADH-linked (type N) substrates glutamate&malate (GM; without adenalytes; CI-linked pathway to Q). ''See'' 2D.
-|-
-| 2D
-| [[GM]]<sub>''P''</sub>
-| [[N]]
-| CI
-| OXPHOS capacity with type N substrates, NP: Respiratory capacity in the active coupled state (GM with ADP). GM and PM yield practically identical fluxes in human skeletal muscle fibres. However, PM is the superior alternative to GM, since the fractions of the N-pathway is lower and of the S-pathway is higher with GM compared to PM. PM, therefore, yields a more sensitive assay for the diagnosis of injuries in the N-linked (CI-linked) pathway. ''Compare'' [[1PM;2D;3U;4S;5Rot-]] and [[1PM;2D;3U;4G;5S;6Oct;7Rot;8Gp- |1PM;2D;3U;4G;5S;6Oct;7Rot;8Gp- ]].
-|-
-| D(c)
-| [[GM]]c<sub>''P''</sub>
-| [[N]]
-| CI
-| Cytochrome c test for quality control of the integrity of the outer mitochondrial membrane (loss of cytochrome c is indicated by a stimulation of respiration). Cytochrome ''c'' added immediately after the earliest ADP-activation step. Application of the cytochrome ''c'' test early in the protocol ensures comparability of all states in case of any effect of ''c'' ([[Gnaiger 2007 MitoPathways]]).
-|-
-| 3S
-| [[GMS]]<sub>''P''</sub>
-| [[NS]]
-| CI&II
-| OXPHOS capacity with type NS substrates (CI<small>&</small>II-linked pathway to Q), NS<sub>''P''</sub>: Respiratory stimulation by convergent electron flow through Complexes I<small>&</small>II at the Q-junction, in the coupled state after further addition of succinate (S), as an estimate of OXPHOS capacity with reconstitution of the TCA cycle ([[Gnaiger 2009 Int J Biochem Cell Biol]]).
-|-
-| 4U
-| [[GMS]]<sub>''E''</sub>
-| [[NS]]
-| CI&II
-| Electron transfer-pathway (ET-pathway) capacity with type NS substrates, NS<sub>''E''</sub>: Uncoupling by CCP or FCCP titration (avoiding inhibition by high uncoupler concentrations), as a test for limitation of OXPHOS relative to ET capacity by the phosphorylation system. Limitation: The additive effect of N+S measured separately compared to the combined NS pathway cannot be evaluated in the same coupling state. With N<sub>''P''</sub>, NS<sub>''P''</sub>, NS<sub>''E''</sub>, and S<sub>''E''</sub>. If  independent information is available on S<sub>''P''</sub> =  S<sub>''E''</sub>, the additivity can be calculated for the OXPHOS state.
-|-
-| 5Rot
-| [[S]]<sub>''E''</sub>
-| [[S]]
-| CII
-| ET capacity with type S (CII) substrate, S<sub>''E''</sub>: ET capacity with succinate, after blocking Complex I with rotenone. Limitation: A succinate concentration of >10 mM may be required for saturating S<sub>''E''</sub> capacity.
-|-
-| 6Ama
-|
-| ROX
-| ROX
-| Residual oxygen consumption (ROX) due to oxidative side reactions, estimated after addition of antimycin A (inhibitor of CIII). ROX may be lower in substrate states earlier in the SUIT protocol. Therefore, this ROX measurement is frequently taken as a methodological control rather than as the final basis of ROX correction of mitochondrial respiration (mt).
-|}
-== 1GM;2D;3S;3c;4U;5Rot- ==
 [[File:1GM;2D;3S;3c;4U;5Rot-.jpg|300px]] 1GM;2D;3S;3c;4U;5Rot;6Ama
-::: '''SUIT states:''' 1-2[[GM]](LP) 3-4[[GMS]](PcE) 5[[S]] 6[[ROX]]