Difference between revisions of "PGM-pathway control state"
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|description=[[File:PGM.jpg|left|200px|PGM]] '''PGM''': [[Pyruvate]] & [[Glutamate]] & [[Malate]]. | |description=[[File:PGM.jpg|left|200px|PGM]] '''PGM''': [[Pyruvate]] & [[Glutamate]] & [[Malate]]. | ||
'''MitoPathway control state:''' [[ | '''MitoPathway control state:''' [[NADH electron transfer-pathway state]] | ||
[[Pyruvate]] (P) is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl-CoA and CO<sub>2</sub>, yielding [[NADH]] catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase. [[Malate]] (M) is oxidized to oxaloacetate by mt-malate dehydrogenase located in the mitochondrial matrix. Condensation of oxaloacate with acetyl-CoA yields citrate (citrate synthase). Glutamate&malate is a substrate combination supporting an N-linked pathway control state, when glutamate is transported into the mt-matrix via the [[glutamate-aspartate carrier]] and reacts with [[oxaloacetate]] in the [[transaminase]] reaction to form [[aspartate]] and [[oxoglutarate]]. Glutamate as the sole substrate is transported by the electroneutral glutamate<sup>-</sup>/OH<sup>-</sup> exchanger, and is oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix by [[glutamate dehydrogenase]] to α-ketoglutarate ([[oxoglutarate | 2-oxoglutarate]]), representing the [[glutamate-anaplerotic pathway control state]]. 2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate) is formed from isocitrate (isocitrate dehydrogenase, from oxaloacetate and glutamate by the transaminase, and from glutamate by the glutamate dehydrogenase. | |||
|info=[[Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways]] | |||
[[Pyruvate]] (P) is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl-CoA and CO<sub>2</sub>, yielding [[NADH]] catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase. [[Malate]] (M) is oxidized to oxaloacetate by mt-malate dehydrogenase located in the mitochondrial matrix. Condensation of oxaloacate with acetyl-CoA yields citrate (citrate synthase). Glutamate&malate is a substrate combination supporting an N-linked pathway control state, when glutamate is transported into the mt-matrix via the [[glutamate-aspartate carrier]] and reacts with [[oxaloacetate]] in the [[transaminase]] reaction to form [[aspartate]] and [[oxoglutarate]]. Glutamate as the sole substrate is transported by the electroneutral glutamate<sup>-</sup>/OH<sup>-</sup> exchanger, and is oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix by [[glutamate dehydrogenase]] to α-ketoglutarate ([[oxoglutarate | 2-oxoglutarate]]), representing the [[glutamate anaplerotic pathway control state]]. 2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate) is formed from isocitrate (isocitrate dehydrogenase, from oxaloacetate and glutamate by the transaminase, and from glutamate by the glutamate dehydrogenase. | |||
|info=[[Gnaiger | |||
}} | }} | ||
::: ''More details'' | ::: ''More details'' | ||
::::» [[NADH | ::::» [[NADH electron transfer-pathway state]] | ||
::::» [[Additive effect of convergent electron flow]] | ::::» [[Additive effect of convergent electron flow]] | ||
::::» [[Respiratory_complexes#Respiratory_complexes_-_more_than_five |Respiratory complexes - more than five]] | ::::» [[Respiratory_complexes#Respiratory_complexes_-_more_than_five |Respiratory complexes - more than five]] | ||
::::» [[Convergent electron flow]] | ::::» [[Convergent electron flow]] | ||
__TOC__ | |||
== PGM<sub>''L''</sub> == | == PGM<sub>''L''</sub> == | ||
PGM pathway in the LEAK state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | :::: PGM pathway in the LEAK state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | ||
== PGM<sub>''P''</sub> == | == PGM<sub>''P''</sub> == | ||
PGM pathway in the OXPHOS state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | ::::PGM pathway in the OXPHOS state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | ||
:::*[[SUIT-008]] | :::*[[SUIT-008]] | ||
::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi): [[SUIT-008 O2 pfi D014]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi): [[SUIT-008 O2 pfi D014]] | ||
| Line 35: | Line 33: | ||
::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi):[[SUIT-001 O2 pfi D002]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi):[[SUIT-001 O2 pfi D002]] | ||
::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): [[SUIT-001 O2 ce-pce D003]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): [[SUIT-001 O2 ce-pce D003]] | ||
::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized PBMC and PLT: [[SUIT-001 O2 ce-pce D004]] | ||
:::*[[SUIT-012]] | :::*[[SUIT-012]] | ||
{{MitoPedia concepts | |||
= | |mitopedia concept=SUIT state | ||
}} | |||
Latest revision as of 13:14, 2 August 2023
- high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution
PGM-pathway control state
Description
PGM: Pyruvate & Glutamate & Malate.
MitoPathway control state: NADH electron transfer-pathway state
Pyruvate (P) is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl-CoA and CO2, yielding NADH catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase. Malate (M) is oxidized to oxaloacetate by mt-malate dehydrogenase located in the mitochondrial matrix. Condensation of oxaloacate with acetyl-CoA yields citrate (citrate synthase). Glutamate&malate is a substrate combination supporting an N-linked pathway control state, when glutamate is transported into the mt-matrix via the glutamate-aspartate carrier and reacts with oxaloacetate in the transaminase reaction to form aspartate and oxoglutarate. Glutamate as the sole substrate is transported by the electroneutral glutamate-/OH- exchanger, and is oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix by glutamate dehydrogenase to α-ketoglutarate ( 2-oxoglutarate), representing the glutamate-anaplerotic pathway control state. 2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate) is formed from isocitrate (isocitrate dehydrogenase, from oxaloacetate and glutamate by the transaminase, and from glutamate by the glutamate dehydrogenase.
Abbreviation: PGM
Reference: Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways
PGML
- PGM pathway in the LEAK state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols:
PGMP
- PGM pathway in the OXPHOS state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols:
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi): SUIT-008 O2 pfi D014
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): SUIT-008 O2 ce-pce D025
PGME
PGM pathway in the ET state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols:
-
- DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt):SUIT-001 O2 mt D001
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi):SUIT-001 O2 pfi D002
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): SUIT-001 O2 ce-pce D003
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized PBMC and PLT: SUIT-001 O2 ce-pce D004
-
MitoPedia concepts:
SUIT state
