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Brown 2020 MitoFit Preprint Arch

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Brown R, Sarkar A (2020) Vitamin D deficiency: a factor in Covid-19, progression, severity and mortality? – An urgent call for research. MitoFit Preprint Arch doi:10.26124/mitofit:190003.

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Vitamin D deficiency: a factor in Covid-19, progression, severity and mortality? – An urgent call for research.


Brown Robert, Sarkar Amrita (2020) MitoFit Preprint Arch

Abstract: Version 1 (v1) 2019-06-11 doi:10.26124/mitofit:190003

A new viral respiratory disease, named Covid-19, emerged in 2019. It is spreading globally. The elderly, and those with pre-existing conditions, are at greatest risk. Fatality rates vary significantly; rates as at 20th March 2020, were approximately, China 4.1%, Spain 5.1%, Italy 8.3 %, but, in northern European countries, including Germany, mortality rates were between 0.2-1%.

Winter vitamin D levels, based on; very limited data, including; historic measured regional vitamin D deficiency rates (<25nmol/L), intakes, and plasma vitamin D levels; fortification and supplementation policies; and public vitamin D awareness; appear to be significantly lower in southern than northern Europe. It is hypothesised, vitamin D deficiency may significantly compromise, respiratory immune response function, thus greatly increasing risk of Covid-19 hospitalisation, severity and mortality.

In respiratory system conditions, such as influenza, vitamin D has wide-ranging and fundamental roles, including through: gene transcription via Covid-19 relevant VDR (Vitamin D Receptor) pathways; ACE1 and ACE2 pathways; wider immune function; and airway epithelial cell tight-junction function and integrity. Studies suggest vitamin D supplementation may be protective against respiratory conditions, in ‘D’ deficient persons.

Determination through research, whether supplementation of those at high risk of vitamin D deficiency, the elderly, and immune compromised, including those in ‘residential care’ settings, reduces; visible infection rates, progression, severity, and mortality, of Covid-19: could, if the case, allow implementation of vitamin D public health measures to reduce vitamin D deficiency, as a preventative strategy; thus, diminish risk to vulnerable patients, reduce hospitalisation, and mortality rates.

Vitamin D supplementation of the deficient, may mitigate the severity of the current outbreak; reduce future, likely upcoming, seasonal amplification effects in the Southern Hemisphere; and diminish the potential seasonal return of Covid-19 in force next winter, to the Northern Hemisphere, as historically seen with Hong Kong flu. To determine if vitamin D may mitigate corona virus requires research. There have been no studies to date. Such studies are arguably urgently required. Keywords: Covid-19, Vitamin D deficiency, 25 hydroxy D, Vitamin D Receptor, VDR Receptor, Obesity, Influenza, ACE, Angiotensin, Tight Junctions. Bioblast editor: Iglesias-Gonzalez J

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Labels: MiParea: Respiration, virus; mt-Medicine"virus; mt-Medicine" is not in the list (Respiration, Instruments;methods, mt-Biogenesis;mt-density, mt-Structure;fission;fusion, mt-Membrane, mtDNA;mt-genetics, nDNA;cell genetics, Genetic knockout;overexpression, Comparative MiP;environmental MiP, Gender, ...) of allowed values for the "MiP area" property.  Pathology: Covid-19"Covid-19" is not in the list (Aging;senescence, Alzheimer's, Autism, Cancer, Cardiovascular, COPD, Diabetes, Inherited, Infectious, Myopathy, ...) of allowed values for the "Diseases" property. 





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