MiPNet12.15 RespiratoryStates: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Publication | {{Publication | ||
|title=Gnaiger E (2007-2011) MitoPathways: Respiratory states and flux control ratios. Mitochondr Physiol Network 12.15. - ''New edition:'' [[Gnaiger_2012_MitoPathways|Gnaiger 2012 Chapter 5]]. | |title=Gnaiger E (2007-2011) MitoPathways: Respiratory states and flux control ratios. Mitochondr Physiol Network 12.15. - ''New edition:'' [[Gnaiger_2012_MitoPathways|Gnaiger 2012 Chapter 5]]. | ||
|info= | |info=[[Media:MiPNet12.15 RespiratoryStates.pdf|''''''Open Access-MiPNet12.15''']]; [[Gnaiger_2012_MitoPathways|Gnaiger 2012 Chapter 5]][http://www.bioblast.at/index.php/File:MiPNet12.15_RespiratoryStates.pdf Versions] | ||
|year=2007 | |year=2007 | ||
|journal=Mitochondr Physiol Network | |journal=Mitochondr Physiol Network | ||
Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
|articletype=Protocol; Manual, MiPNet-online Publication | |articletype=Protocol; Manual, MiPNet-online Publication | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Further information == | |||
:>>[http://www.oroboros.at/?respiratorystates MiPNet12.15] | |||
In: Mitochondrial Pathways and Respiratory Control. OROBOROS MiPNet Publ. | In: Mitochondrial Pathways and Respiratory Control. OROBOROS MiPNet Publ. | ||
Revision as of 16:59, 28 October 2013
Gnaiger E (2007-2011) MitoPathways: Respiratory states and flux control ratios. Mitochondr Physiol Network 12.15. - New edition: Gnaiger 2012 Chapter 5. |
ยป 'Open Access-MiPNet12.15; Gnaiger 2012 Chapter 5Versions
Abstract: In oxidative phosphorylation, the endergonic process of phosphorylation of ADP to ATP is coupled to the exergonic process of electron transfer to oxygen. Coupling is achieved through the proton pumps generating and utilizing the protonmotive force in a proton circuit across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This proton circuit is partially uncoupled by proton leaks. Three different meanings of uncoupling (or coupling) are distinguished by defining intrinsically uncoupled, pathologically dyscoupled, and experimentally non-coupled respiration.
Respiratory steady states have been clearly defined by Chance and Williams (1955) according to a protocol for oxygraphic experiments with isolated mitochondria. The present state of terminology, however (e.g. State 2, requires clarification, particularly for extending bioenergetics to mitochondrial respiratory physiology of the living cell. โข Keywords: Archive
โข O2k-Network Lab: AT_Innsbruck_OROBOROS
Labels:
MitoPathways
Further information
In: Mitochondrial Pathways and Respiratory Control. OROBOROS MiPNet Publ.
Abbreviations
A1.1. Abbreviations for substrates
of the TCA cycle and major entries (single capital letters for the most commonly used substrates)
- P Pyruvate
- G Glutamate
- M Malate
- S Succinate
- F Fumarate
- Og Oxoglutarate, alpha-ketoglutarate
- Ce Cellular substrates in vivo, endogenous
- Cm Cellular substrates in vivo, with exogenous substrate supply from culture medium or serum
A1.2. Other substrates and redox components of the respiratory system
- Oca Octanic acid
- Paa Palmitic acid
- Oct Octanoyl carnitine
- Pal Palmitoyl carnitine
- As Ascorbate
- Tm TMPD
- c Cytochrome c
- Gp Glycerophosphate, alpha-glycorophosphate
A1.3. Phosphorylation system
(adenylates, Pi, uncouplers, downstream inhibitors of ATP synthase, ANT, or phosphate) are denoted by subscripts. If Pi is always present at saturating concentration, it does not have to be indicated in the titration protocols.
- Pi Inorganic phosphate
- N no adenylates added (state LN)
- D ADP at saturating concentration (state P: saturating [ADP])
- D0.2 ADP at specified concentration (saturating versus non-saturating ADP is frequently not specified in State 3)
- T ATP (state LT)
- TD ATP+ADP (state P, in the presence of physiological high (mM) ATP concentrations)
- T[ADP] High ATP and varying ADP concentrations, in the range between states T and TD.
- 0my Oligomycin (state LOmy)
- Atr Atractyloside (state LAtr)
- u Uncoupler at optimum concentration for maximum non-coupled flux (state E).
A1.4. Inhibitors
of respiratory complexes, dehydrogenases or transorters:
- Ama Antimycin A
- Azd Sodium azide
- Hci Hydroxycinnamate
- Kcn KCN
- Mna Malonic acid
- Myx Myxothiazol
- Rot Rotenone
A1.5. Respiratory states and flux control ratios
Coupling control states
- E, Electron transfer system capacity state
- L, LEAK state
- P, OXPHOS capacity state
- R, ROUTINE state of cell respiration
Coupling control ratios (CCR)
- L/E, LEAK CCR
- P/E, Phosphorylation system capacity CCR
- R/E, ROUTINE CCR
- (R-L)/E, netROUTINE CCR
References
- Gnaiger E (2009) Capacity of oxidative phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle. New perspectives of mitochondrial physiology. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 41: 1837โ1845.
- Pesta D, Gnaiger E (2012) High-resolution respirometry. OXPHOS protocols for human cells and permeabilized fibres from small biopisies of human muscle. Methods Mol Biol 810: 25-58.
- References